Assert Function

In Solidity, the assert() function is used to check for conditions that should never be false. If the condition is false, it will throw an exception and revert the entire transaction. The assert() function is typically used to check for programming errors or other unexpected situations where the contract's state may be inconsistent.

The assert() function takes a single boolean argument, which should be true if the condition being checked is valid. If the argument is false, the function will revert the transaction and any changes made to the contract state will be rolled back.

Here's an example of how to use the assert() function:

function myFunction() public {
    uint x = 5;
    uint y = 10;
    assert(x < y);
    // rest of the function code
}

In this example, the assert() function is used to check that x is less than y. If this condition is false, the function will revert the transaction and any changes made to the contract state will be rolled back.

Expressions and Control Structures — Solidity 0.8.19 documentation