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Ethereum
  • General
    • What is Ethereum
      • Ethereum & Bitcoin General Comparison
      • Singleton State
      • The Ethereum Virtual Machine (EVM)
      • Opcodes (operation codes) EVM
      • Ethereum Client
      • Forks
      • Gas (wei)
        • EIP-1559
        • Table Conversion (wei)
      • Proof of Stake (PoS)
      • Proof of Authority (PoA)
      • The Beacon Chain
      • Networks
        • Ethereum mainnet
        • Goerli
      • Account-based model & UTXO-based model
      • Externally Owned Account (EOA)
      • Node Clients
        • Geth
        • Nethermind
      • Contract Account
      • Smart Contract Upgradeability
      • Ultrasound Money
      • Merkle Trees
        • Patricia Merkle Tree
      • Tries
        • State Trie
        • Storage Trie
        • Transactions Trie
        • Receipts Trie
      • Transactions
        • Ethereum Transaction Architecture
      • World State
        • Chain of States
        • Chain of Blocks
        • Stack of Transactions / Mempool
      • Contract Creation
      • Message Call Transaction
      • P2P Network
      • Web3.js
      • Ether.js
        • Smart Contract Interaction Example
      • Web3.js vs Ether.js
      • Node Providers
      • ENS (Ethereum Name Service)
      • Web3 dapp
      • Escrow
      • Multi-signature
      • ERC-20 tokens
        • Send ERC20s to Contracts
      • NFTs
        • ERC-721 and ERC-1155
      • Solidity
        • State Variables
        • Data Location
        • Numbers
        • Modifiers
        • View & Pure Modifiers
        • Data Types
          • Modifiers
          • Modifiers (Functions)
          • Address & Address Payable
        • Hardhat
        • Payable Functions
        • Receive Function
        • Fallback Function
        • Global Variables
        • Self Destruct
        • Create2 Function
        • Revert function
        • Require function
        • Assert Function
        • Calldata
        • Interface
        • Mapping
        • Array
        • Struct
        • Inheritance
          • Virtual & Overwrite
          • Multiple inheritance
          • Hierarchical Inheritance
        • Events
          • Indexed (keyword)
          • LOG0 - LOG4
        • Multi-signature Example
        • Smart Contracts
          • Context
      • Application Binary Interface (ABI )
  • Extras
    • Terminology
      • Bytecode
      • Keccak-256
      • Turing complete
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  1. General
  2. What is Ethereum

Ethereum & Bitcoin General Comparison

Ethereum & Bitcoin comparison

Ethereum

Bitcoin

Consensus Mechanism

Proof of Stake

Proof of Work

Accounting System

Account Model

UTXO Model

Public Key Cryptography

secp256k1 elliptic curve

secp256k1 elliptic curve

Stale/Orphan Blocks

Rewarded (Ommer Blocks)

Not Rewarded

Block Time

Approx every 12 seconds

Approx every 10 minutes

Network Difficulty

Adjusted every block

Every 2016 blocks

Language Support

Turing Complete smart contracts, custom VM operations cost gas

non-Turing Complete scripts

Smart Contract Development

High-level programming language support, Ethereum Virtual Machine

Limited scripting language support

Decentralized Applications (dApps)

Supports dApp development and execution

Limited support for dApps

Block Size Limit

No hard limit, but limited by block gas limit

1 MB block size limit (with SegWit up to 4 MB)

Transaction Fees

Variable and determined by gas limit and gas price

Fixed and determined by the network

Monetary Policy

Inflationary (max supply not fixed)

Deflationary (max supply fixed at 21 million BTC)

Governance

Decentralized, with Ethereum Improvement Proposals (EIPs)

Decentralized, with Bitcoin Improvement Proposals (BIPs)

Forks

Hard forks (incompatible protocol changes) and soft forks (compatible protocol changes)

Soft forks only (compatible protocol changes)

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Last updated 2 years ago